Sarnath, located just 10 kilometers from Varanasi in Uttar Pradesh, India, holds immense significance in Buddhist history. It is here that Gautama Buddha delivered his first sermon after attaining enlightenment at Bodh Gaya, making it one of the most sacred Buddhist pilgrimage destinations in the world.
Why Visit Sarnath?
Sarnath is not just a historical site—it’s a journey into the roots of Buddhism. The site attracts global pilgrims and travelers for its spiritual serenity, ancient monuments, and well-preserved relics from the Mauryan and Gupta periods.
Top Attractions in Sarnath
1. Dhamek Stupa
The Dhamek Stupa is the focal point of Sarnath. Built in 500 CE to mark the site of Buddha’s first sermon, it stands 43.6 meters high and 28 meters in diameter. The stupa features intricate floral and geometric carvings on its lower portion and is surrounded by the remains of ancient monasteries.
2. Chaukhandi Stupa
This stupa marks the place where Lord Buddha first met his five disciples. Originally built during the Gupta period, it was later modified by the Mughals. It stands out for its octagonal tower constructed by Emperor Akbar.
3. Ashoka Pillar
Commissioned by Emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, this sandstone pillar once stood over 15 meters tall. Its lion capital is now the National Emblem of India. Though the pillar has been broken, its historical value remains undiminished.
4. Sarnath Archaeological Museum
This museum houses an impressive collection of artifacts, including sculptures, inscriptions, and the original Lion Capital. It’s a must-visit for history buffs and cultural enthusiasts.
5. Mulagandha Kuti Vihar
Built by the Maha Bodhi Society in the 20th century, this modern temple is known for its beautiful frescoes by Japanese artist Kosetsu Nosu and a peaceful garden with a Bodhi tree grown from a cutting of the original Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya.
Best Time to Visit Sarnath
The ideal time to explore Sarnath is from October to March when the weather is pleasant. It’s also the season of festivals like Buddha Purnima, making your visit even more enriching.
How to Reach Sarnath
- By Air: The nearest airport is Lal Bahadur Shastri International Airport in Varanasi (approximately 25 km away).
- By Rail: Sarnath has a small railway station, or you can use Varanasi Junction (about 10 km away).
- By Road: Easily accessible from Varanasi via taxi, auto-rickshaw, or bus.
Sarnath Travel Tips
- Wear modest and comfortable clothing.
- Hire a local guide to better understand the site’s history.
- Photography is allowed in most areas but avoid flash in museums and temples.
Conclusion
Sarnath is more than just an archaeological site—it’s a place of peace, reflection, and learning. Whether you are a spiritual seeker, a history enthusiast, or a curious traveler, Sarnath promises an experience that resonates with calm and wisdom.
